Hyperboles We Live by [?]

Authors

  • Георгий Георгиевич Хазагеров Southern Federal University

Abstract

Grigory G. Khazagerov (Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation)

The article treats the phenomenon of hyperbole as a test which allows, on the one hand, to see the weakness of the cognitive approach adopted today for the study of the trope, on the other hand, the strengths of rhetorical view of the trope. The idea that rhetoric tropes were mere embellishments of speech is challenged. The role of tropes in cultivation of language and communicative space is underlined. Metaphor and hyperbole are seen as tropes which, are most closely connected with the cultural context and language conventions. The connection between these tropes is demonstrated by the example of antonomasia. From a rhetorical point of view both metaphors and hyperboles set cultural standards. The paradox of hyperbole is that when dealing with a homogeneous object, at the same time it does not enter into an active interaction with it (with a certain maximum or minimum), while the metaphor when dealing with heterogeneous entity actively interacts with the domain involved, which is reflected in the cognitive approach. Consequently, in the hyperbole the role of unconsciously perceived social guide is reduced, while the role of reference, helping us to build communication is strengthened. A marker of conventionality is contained in the very nature of hyperbole. In metaphor we see the opposite picture. However, in the metaphor there are markers of conventionality (in some of its forms or contexts), and this makes its social role similar to the social role of hyperbole. Both rhetorical and cognitive approaches recognize the social role of the trope. But the rhetorical approach, focused on the development of communicative space is invariant with respect to the tropes and contexts of their use. After decline of rhetoric the cognitive approach, focused on the mapping of mental space, and restored trope’s social role. The approach has a varying degree of relevance for different tropes and their contexts.

Key words: metaphor, hyperbole, cognitive approach, rhetorical approach

DOI 10.23683/1995-0640-2017-3-45-55

Author Biography

Георгий Георгиевич Хазагеров, Southern Federal University

Grigory G. Khazagerov – Ph. D. of linguistics, professor. Institute of philology, journalism and cross-cultural communication. Southern Federal University

References

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References

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Cano Mora, L. All or Nothing: A Semantic Analysis of Hyperbole in Papers from the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Atlantic Provinces Linguistic Association. St John’s Memorial: University of Newfoundland. 2009.

Gibbs, R.W. The poetics of mind: Figurative thought, language and understanding. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1994.

Carston, R. and Wearing C. Metaphor, Hyperbole and Simile: F Pragmatic Approach. In Language and Cognition, 2011, vol. 3, no 2, pp. 283-312.

Jacobson, R.O. Now Aspects of Language and Two Types of Aphasic Disturbances. In Halle M., Jacobson R. Fundamentals of Language «Janua Linguarum», «Mouton Publishers»б Gravenhage, 1956, pp. 55-82.

Kahneman, D. Thinking Fast and Slow Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1996. ISBN 978-0374275631.

Kreuz, R.J. «Figurative Language Occurence and Co-occurence in Contemporary Literatire». In R.J Kreuz and MacNealy (eds.) Empirical. 2011.

Khazagerov G. On Monstrosity of Metaphor in Cognitive Paradigm. Izvestiya Yuzhnogo federal’nogo universiteta. Filologicheskiye nauki. 2016, № 2.

Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press. 1980.

Lakoff George. The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor (c) Copyright George Lakoff, 1992 To Appear in Ortony, Andrew (ed.) Metaphor and Thought (2nd edition), Cambridge University Press.

Lancham Richard A. A Handlist of Rhetorical Terms. University of California Press. Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1968.

Quintilian’s Institutes of Oratory. London. George Bell and Sons. 1909. Vol. II.

Rosch, Eleanor. Prototype Classification and Logical Classification: The Two Systems./ In E. Scholnic, ed. New Trends in Cognitive Representation: Challenges to Piaget’s Theory 1981. pp. 73-86. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

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How to Cite

Хазагеров, Г. Г. (2017). Hyperboles We Live by [?]. Proceedings of Southern Federal University. Philology, (3), 45–55. Retrieved from https://philol-journal.sfedu.ru/index.php/sfuphilol/article/view/1052

Issue

No. 3 (2017)

Section

LINGUISTICS

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