Formation of communicative universal educational actions in the study of speech

Abstract

The formation of the communicative competence of students involves the ability to create written texts of certain styles and genres. The communicative orientation of the Russian language course in a modern school should contribute to the resolution of a long-standing linguodidactic contradiction: the study of the language system as an abstract, clearly structured set of isolated linguistic units and at the same time the development of students’ speech, the formation of communicative competence that allows using the acquired knowledge in the communication process. Speech learning can be built on the study of various communication strategies and tactics. In the process of working on creating a text, a communication strategy is a generalized plan of actions typical of constructing a text of a certain type. Communicative tactics – specific methods of unfolding thought – can be different and are determined both by the specifics of the task and by the speech skills of the writer. Using the text-description as an example, the article discusses various communicative tactics: enumeration of the most important features of the object; description based on one of the most striking features that determine other qualities; the gradual approach of the subject, the discovery of new features as one gets closer to the subject; the use of the effect of disappointed expectations (first impression, and then its destruction), etc. The study, description of these strategies and tactics, and most importantly, their use in the practice of teaching the Russian language will contribute to the speech development of students.

Key words: universal educational actions, communication, communicative competence, communicative strategy, communicative tactics, speech.

DOI 10.18522/1995-0640-2020-4-215-223